The Maillard reaction--from food chemistry to uraemia research.

Conclusion It would appear then, that both GBM and the renal parenchyma as a whole contain diverse charged components. Abnormalities of GBM anionic charge expression are more complex than at first conceived, reflecting often subtle alterations in membrane matrix charged structures which may have a minimal or profound, direct or indirect influence on membrane permeability. The original concept of a charge-selective barrier maintained solely by the integrity of HS-PG networks in the GBM must now be inadequate. Removal of sulfated (heparin sulfate) or non-sulfated (hyaluronic acid) glycosaminoglycans results in increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane to 125 I-bovine serum albumin. Distribution of de novo synthesized sulphated glycosaminoglycans in the glomer-ular basement membrane and mesangial matrix. Lab Invest 1983; 49: 216-225 6. Chang RLS, Deen WM, Robertson CR et al. Permselectivity of the glomerular capillary wall: studies in experimental glomerulo-nephntis in rat using neutral dextran. Permselectivity of the glomerular capillary wall: studies in experimental glomerulo-nephritis in rat using dextran sulphate. Role of molecular charge in glomerular permeability: tracer studies with cationized ferritins. Increased permeability of the glomerular basement membrane to ferritin after removal of glycosaminoglycans (heparan sulphate) by enzyme digestion. Acute reversible pro-teinuria induced by infusion of the polycation hexadimethrine. and charge selective permeability defects induced in glomerular basement membrane by a polycation. High resolution cytochemistry of neuraminic acid and hexuronic acid-containing macromolecules applying the enzyme-gold approach. Detection of glomerular anionic sites in post-embedded ultrathin sections using cationic colloidal gold. colloidal gold—a novel marker for the demonstration of poly-anion status in routine renal biopsies. A, Goode NP et al. Clinical features and outcome of patients with thin and ultrathin glomerular membranes. Alterations of glomerular basement membrane charge and structure in diabetic nephropathy. Basement membrane chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans: localization in adult rat tissues. Acute renal failure following exposure to radiocontrast agents has been a well known clinical entity since the 1950's. Its pathogenesis is believed to include at least four aspects: (i) direct toxicity of the contrast agent to renal tubular epithelial cells, mostly of proximal tubular origin; (ii) intrarenal haemodynamic instability, including a brief period of vasodilatation (increased renal blood flow) followed by vasoconstriction (decreased renal blood flow); (iii) intratubular precipitation of Tamm-Horsfall protein possibly causing tubular obstruction; (iv) complement activation. Clinically much has been learned about important risk